ASTM E1463-1992(2004) 用来自美国西海岸的糠虾做静态和动态剧毒性试验的导则

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforConductingStaticandFlow-ThroughAcuteToxicityTestsWithMysidsFromtheWestCoastoftheUnitedStates
【原文标准名称】:用来自美国西海岸的糠虾做静态和动态剧毒性试验的导则
【标准号】:ASTME1463-1992(2004)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1992
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:污染控制;试验;毒性
【英文主题词】:acutetoxicity;aquatic;culturetechniques;Holmesimysiscostata;invertebrates;mysids;Neomysismercedis
【摘要】:Mysidsareanimportantcomponentofboththepelagicandepibenthiccommunity.Theyarepreyeduponbymanyspeciesoffish,birds,andlargerinvertebratespecies,andtheyarepredatorsofsmallercrustaceansandlarvalstagesofinvertebrates.Insomecases,theyfeeduponalgae.Mysidsaresensitivetobothorganicandinorganictoxicants(1).4Theecologicalimportanceofmysids,theirwidegeographicaldistribution,abilitytobeculturedinthelaboratory,andsensitivitytocontaminantsmakethemappropriateacutetoxicitytestorganisms.Anacutetoxicitytestisconductedtoobtaininformationconcerningtheimmediateeffectsofashort-termexposuretoatestmaterialonatestorganismunderspecifiedexperimentalconditions.Anacutetoxicitytestprovidesdataontheshort-termeffectsthatareusefulforcomparisonstootherspeciesbutdoesnotprovideinformationondelayedeffects.Resultsofacutetoxicitytestscanbeusedtopredictacuteeffectslikelytooccuronaquaticorganismsinfieldconditionsexceptthatmysidsmightavoidexposurewhenpossible.Resultsofacutetoxicitytestsmightbeusedtocomparetheacutesensitivitiesofdifferentspeciesandtheacutetoxicitiesofdifferenttestmaterials,andtostudytheeffectsofvariousenvironmentalfactorsonresultsofsuchtests.Resultsofacutetoxicitytestsmightbeanimportantconsiderationwhenassessingthehazardsofmaterialstoaquaticorganisms(seeGuideE1023)orwhenderivingwaterqualitycriteriaforaquaticorganisms(2).Resultsofacutetoxicitytestsmightbeusefulforstudyingbiologicalavailabilityof,andstructureactivityrelationshipsbetweentestmaterials.Resultsofacutetoxicitytestswilldepend,inpart,onthetemperature,qualityofthefood,conditionoftestorganisms,testprocedures,andotherfactors.1.1Thisguidedescribesproceduresforobtainingdataconcerningtheadverseeffectsofatestmaterial(notfood)addedtomarineandestuarinewatersoncertainspeciesofmarineandestuarinemysidsduring96hofcontinuousexposure.Juvenilemysidsusedinthesetestsaretakenfromculturesshortlyafterreleasefromthebroodandexposedtovaryingconcentrationsofatoxicantinstaticorflow-throughconditions.Theseprocedureswillbeusefulforconductingtoxicitytestswithotherspeciesofmysids,althoughmodificationsmightbenecessary.1.2Modificationsoftheseproceduresmightbejustifiedbyspecialneedsorcircumstances.Althoughusingappropriateproceduresismoreimportantthanfollowingprescribedprocedures,resultsoftestsconductedusingunusualproceduresarenotlikelytobecomparabletoresultsofmanyothertests.Comparisonsofresultsobtainedusingmodifiedandunmodifiedversionsoftheseproceduresmightprovideusefulinformationconcerningnewconceptsandproceduresforconductingacutetestswithotherspeciesofmysids.1.3Theproceduresgiveninthisguideareapplicabletomostchemicals,eitherindividuallyorinformulations,commercialproducts,andknownorunknownmixtures.Withappropriatemodificationstheseprocedurescanbeusedtoconductacutetestsonfactorssuchastemperature,salinity,anddissolvedoxygen.Theseprocedurescanalsobeusedtoassessthetoxicityofpotentiallytoxicdischargessuchasmunicipalwastes,oildrillingfluids,producedwaterfromoilwellproduction,andothertypesofindustrialwastes.1.4ResultsofacutetoxicitytestswithtoxicantsexperimentallyaddedtosaltandestuarinewatersshouldusuallybereportedintermsofaLC50(medianlethalconcentration).1.5Thisguideisarrangedasfollows:1.......
【中国标准分类号】:Z16
【国际标准分类号】:65_100_99
【页数】:23P.;A4
【正文语种】: